The cranial nerves can also be involved, and that can cause symptoms like double vision and difficulty speaking.

脑受损时，会导致复视和说话困难等症状。

Even rarer is the cephalic tetanus, which is limited to the muscles applied by the 12 cranial nerves only.

更罕见的头部型破伤风，即痉挛仅局限于12对支配的肌肉。

There are 12 of these cranial nerves, and they vary in terms of what kinds of neurons they contain.

一共有 12 条，它们所含的元各不相同。

And, you know, just to keep things interesting, some of your cranial nerves carry both motor and sensory neurons.

为了让实验更有趣一些，脑同时携带运动元和感觉元。

Some of your cranial nerves also carry motor fibers that control voluntary functions, like moving your eyeballs around.

你的一些脑还携带运动纤维，控制自发功能，比如移动眼球。

A specific cranial nerve, cranial nerve V, is the trigeminal nerve and it's responsible for the sensation in the face.

举例来说，第五对脑三叉负责面部的感觉。

What is the shortest cranial nerve in the human body?

人体中最短的脑哪一条？

The olfactory nerve, which aids with smell, is the shortest cranial nerve.

与嗅觉相关的嗅中最短的一条。

Peripheral nerves that emerge from the brain and brainstem are called cranial nerves, and there are a total of 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

其中，由脑和脑干发出的周围叫做，一共有12对。

Illustrations depicted the different brain regions and the cranial nerves which originate from the cerebrum and the brain stem.

插图展示了不同的脑区和起源于大脑和脑干的。

Peripheral nerves that originate from the brain are called cranial nerves, and they're in charge of motor and sensory innervation of the head and neck.

从脑发出的周围叫做脑，支配着头颈的运动和感觉。

It also communicates directly with the brain via the vagus nerve, the 10th cranial nerve, messages going back and forth.

它还通过迷走（第十对脑）与大脑直接交流，信息来回传递。

The PNS is a vast network of spinal and cranial nerves that are linked to the brain and the spinal cord.

PNS由连接到脑和脊髓的脊和脑构成的巨大网络。

You might notice that, up until the auditory nerve, the cranial nerves mostly control organs in the front of the cranium — mainly the eyes and facial muscles.

你可能会注意到，直到听觉为止，脑主要控制头盖骨前部的器官——主要眼睛和面部肌肉。

PNS consists of total 43 pairs of nerve, among which 12 originate in brain, named as cranial nerves and 31 originate from spinal cord, hence called as spinal nerves.

周围系统由 43 对组成，其中 12 对起源于脑，称为脑，31 对起源于脊髓，故称为脊。

For peripheral nerves, the cell body can either be located in the spinal cord where it's called a spinal nerve or the brain where it's called a cranial nerve.

周围的元胞体，若位于脊髓中，就称为脊；若位于脑中，则称为脑。

Starting at the top, the first cranial nerve you encounter is the olfactory nerve, which takes scent information gathered by the nose and sends it to the brain.

从顶部开始，你遇到的第一个脑嗅觉，它接收鼻子收集的气味信息并将其发送到大脑。

The seventh cranial nerve, the facial nerve, emerges from the brainstem, and then enters the temporal bone where it travels through a narrow, Z-shaped canal, called the facial canal.

第七对，即面，由脑干发出，然后进入颞骨，在这里它穿过了一个狭窄的Z字形管道，叫做面管。

Whatever device you use to remember the names of the cranial nerves, you also have to keep track of their functions — that is, whether they're sensory, motor, or both.

不管你用什么设备来记住脑的名字，你还必须记录它们的功能——也就说，它们感觉，运动，还两者兼而有之。

Just below that is the trigeminal nerve, the largest of the cranial nerves, which branches into three main strands — hence the 'tri' — and innervates the face and jaw muscles.

在三叉下面三叉，最大的脑，它分为三股——因此“三”股——支配着面部和下巴肌肉。